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ADD: Particle system

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This commit is contained in:
hydrogendeuteride
2025-12-17 22:17:32 +09:00
parent fa0298e4c1
commit 4fea967bfc
11 changed files with 1060 additions and 10 deletions
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7
CMakeLists.txt
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@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ foreach(GLSL ${GLSL_SOURCE_FILES})
list(APPEND SPIRV_BINARY_FILES ${SPIRV}) list(APPEND SPIRV_BINARY_FILES ${SPIRV})
endforeach(GLSL) endforeach(GLSL)
add_custom_target( add_custom_target(shaders_spirv DEPENDS ${SPIRV_BINARY_FILES})
DEPENDS ${SPIRV_BINARY_FILES}
) # Ensure shaders are built alongside the executable.
add_dependencies(vulkan_engine shaders_spirv)

26
shaders/particles.frag Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
#version 450
layout(location = 0) in vec4 v_color;
layout(location = 1) in vec2 v_uv;
layout(location = 0) out vec4 outColor;
void main()
{
// Soft circular sprite.
vec2 p = v_uv * 2.0 - 1.0;
float r = length(p);
float mask = smoothstep(1.0, 0.0, r);
vec4 c = v_color;
c.rgb *= mask;
c.a *= mask;
if (c.a <= 0.001)
{
discard;
}
outColor = c;
}

66
shaders/particles.vert Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
#version 450
layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform SceneData
{
mat4 view;
mat4 proj;
mat4 viewproj;
} sceneData;
struct Particle
{
vec4 pos_age;
vec4 vel_life;
vec4 color;
vec4 misc;
};
layout(std430, set = 1, binding = 0) readonly buffer ParticlePool
{
Particle particles[];
} pool;
layout(location = 0) out vec4 v_color;
layout(location = 1) out vec2 v_uv;
vec2 quad_corner(uint vidx)
{
// Two triangles (6 verts) in a unit quad centered at origin.
const vec2 corners[6] = vec2[6](
vec2(-0.5, -0.5),
vec2( 0.5, -0.5),
vec2( 0.5, 0.5),
vec2(-0.5, -0.5),
vec2( 0.5, 0.5),
vec2(-0.5, 0.5)
);
return corners[vidx % 6u];
}
void main()
{
uint particle_index = gl_InstanceIndex;
Particle p = pool.particles[particle_index];
float life = max(p.vel_life.w, 1e-6);
float remaining = clamp(p.pos_age.w, 0.0, life);
float t = remaining / life; // remaining fraction
float fade_out = smoothstep(0.0, 0.15, t);
float fade_in = smoothstep(0.0, 0.05, 1.0 - t);
float fade = fade_in * fade_out;
vec2 corner = quad_corner(uint(gl_VertexIndex));
v_uv = corner + vec2(0.5);
// Camera right/up in world-local space from view matrix rows.
vec3 cam_right = vec3(sceneData.view[0][0], sceneData.view[1][0], sceneData.view[2][0]);
vec3 cam_up = vec3(sceneData.view[0][1], sceneData.view[1][1], sceneData.view[2][1]);
float size = max(p.misc.x, 0.0);
vec3 pos = p.pos_age.xyz + (cam_right * corner.x + cam_up * corner.y) * size;
v_color = vec4(p.color.rgb * fade, p.color.a * fade);
gl_Position = sceneData.viewproj * vec4(pos, 1.0);
}

158
shaders/particles_update.comp Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
#version 450
// v1 particle update: one SSBO, per-system dispatch.
// Particles store "remaining life" in pos_age.w and total lifetime in vel_life.w.
layout(local_size_x = 256, local_size_y = 1, local_size_z = 1) in;
struct Particle
{
vec4 pos_age; // xyz = local position, w = remaining life (seconds)
vec4 vel_life; // xyz = local velocity, w = lifetime (seconds)
vec4 color; // rgba
vec4 misc; // x=size, y=seed, z=unused, w=flags
};
layout(std430, set = 0, binding = 0) buffer ParticlePool
{
Particle particles[];
} pool;
layout(push_constant) uniform Push
{
uvec4 header; // x=base, y=count, z=reset
vec4 sim; // x=dt, y=time, z=drag, w=gravity (m/s^2, pulls down -Y)
vec4 origin_delta; // xyz origin delta (local)
vec4 emitter_pos_radius;// xyz emitter pos (local), w=spawn radius
vec4 emitter_dir_cone; // xyz emitter dir (local), w=cone angle radians (<=0 => sphere)
vec4 ranges; // x=minSpeed, y=maxSpeed, z=minLife, w=maxLife
vec4 size_range; // x=minSize, y=maxSize
vec4 color; // rgba
} pc;
uint hash_u32(uint x)
{
x ^= x >> 16;
x *= 0x7feb352du;
x ^= x >> 15;
x *= 0x846ca68bu;
x ^= x >> 16;
return x;
}
float rand01(inout uint state)
{
state = hash_u32(state);
// 0..1 (exclusive 1)
return float(state) * (1.0 / 4294967296.0);
}
vec3 random_unit_vector(inout uint state)
{
float z = rand01(state) * 2.0 - 1.0;
float a = rand01(state) * 6.28318530718;
float r = sqrt(max(0.0, 1.0 - z * z));
return vec3(r * cos(a), z, r * sin(a));
}
vec3 random_in_sphere(inout uint state)
{
vec3 dir = random_unit_vector(state);
float u = rand01(state);
float radius = pow(u, 1.0 / 3.0);
return dir * radius;
}
vec3 random_in_cone(inout uint state, vec3 axis, float cone_angle)
{
axis = normalize(axis);
float cos_max = clamp(cos(cone_angle), -1.0, 1.0);
float cos_t = mix(cos_max, 1.0, rand01(state));
float sin_t = sqrt(max(0.0, 1.0 - cos_t * cos_t));
float phi = rand01(state) * 6.28318530718;
vec3 local_dir = vec3(cos(phi) * sin_t, sin(phi) * sin_t, cos_t);
vec3 up = (abs(axis.y) < 0.999) ? vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0) : vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
vec3 u = normalize(cross(up, axis));
vec3 v = cross(axis, u);
return u * local_dir.x + v * local_dir.y + axis * local_dir.z;
}
void respawn(uint idx)
{
uint seed = idx ^ (hash_u32(floatBitsToUint(pc.sim.y)) * 1664525u) ^ 1013904223u;
float life = mix(pc.ranges.z, pc.ranges.w, rand01(seed));
life = max(life, 0.01);
float speed = mix(pc.ranges.x, pc.ranges.y, rand01(seed));
speed = max(speed, 0.0);
float size = mix(pc.size_range.x, pc.size_range.y, rand01(seed));
size = max(size, 0.001);
vec3 spawn_pos = pc.emitter_pos_radius.xyz;
float radius = max(pc.emitter_pos_radius.w, 0.0);
if (radius > 0.0)
{
spawn_pos += random_in_sphere(seed) * radius;
}
vec3 dir;
float cone = pc.emitter_dir_cone.w;
if (cone > 0.0)
{
dir = random_in_cone(seed, pc.emitter_dir_cone.xyz, cone);
}
else
{
dir = random_unit_vector(seed);
}
Particle p;
p.pos_age = vec4(spawn_pos, life);
p.vel_life = vec4(dir * speed, life);
p.color = pc.color;
p.misc = vec4(size, rand01(seed), 0.0, 0.0);
pool.particles[idx] = p;
}
void main()
{
uint i = gl_GlobalInvocationID.x;
if (i >= pc.header.y) return;
uint idx = pc.header.x + i;
Particle p = pool.particles[idx];
// Keep particles stable under floating-origin recenters.
p.pos_age.xyz -= pc.origin_delta.xyz;
bool reset = (pc.header.z != 0u);
bool dead = (p.pos_age.w <= 0.0) || (p.vel_life.w <= 0.0);
if (reset || dead)
{
respawn(idx);
return;
}
float dt = pc.sim.x;
float drag = max(pc.sim.z, 0.0);
float gravity = pc.sim.w;
vec3 vel = p.vel_life.xyz;
vel += vec3(0.0, -gravity, 0.0) * dt;
vel *= exp(-drag * dt);
p.pos_age.xyz += vel * dt;
p.vel_life.xyz = vel;
p.pos_age.w -= dt;
pool.particles[idx] = p;
}

2
src/CMakeLists.txt
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@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ add_executable (vulkan_engine
render/passes/fxaa.cpp render/passes/fxaa.cpp
render/passes/ssr.h render/passes/ssr.h
render/passes/ssr.cpp render/passes/ssr.cpp
render/passes/particles.h
render/passes/particles.cpp
render/passes/transparent.h render/passes/transparent.h
render/passes/transparent.cpp render/passes/transparent.cpp
render/passes/imgui_pass.h render/passes/imgui_pass.h

16
src/core/engine.cpp
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@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
#include "render/passes/geometry.h" #include "render/passes/geometry.h"
#include "render/passes/imgui_pass.h" #include "render/passes/imgui_pass.h"
#include "render/passes/lighting.h" #include "render/passes/lighting.h"
#include "render/passes/particles.h"
#include "render/passes/transparent.h" #include "render/passes/transparent.h"
#include "render/passes/fxaa.h" #include "render/passes/fxaa.h"
#include "render/passes/tonemap.h" #include "render/passes/tonemap.h"
@@ -1187,10 +1188,16 @@ void VulkanEngine::draw()
hSSR); hSSR);
} }
// Downstream passes draw on top of either the SSR output or the raw HDR draw.
RGImageHandle hdrTarget = (ssrEnabled && hSSR.valid()) ? hSSR : hDraw;
if (auto *particles = _renderPassManager->getPass<ParticlePass>())
{
particles->register_graph(_renderGraph.get(), hdrTarget, hDepth);
}
if (auto *transparent = _renderPassManager->getPass<TransparentPass>()) if (auto *transparent = _renderPassManager->getPass<TransparentPass>())
{ {
// Transparent objects draw on top of either the SSR output or the raw HDR draw.
RGImageHandle hdrTarget = (ssrEnabled && hSSR.valid()) ? hSSR : hDraw;
transparent->register_graph(_renderGraph.get(), hdrTarget, hDepth); transparent->register_graph(_renderGraph.get(), hdrTarget, hDepth);
} }
imguiPass = _renderPassManager->getImGuiPass(); imguiPass = _renderPassManager->getImGuiPass();
@@ -1198,8 +1205,7 @@ void VulkanEngine::draw()
// Optional Tonemap pass: sample HDR draw -> LDR intermediate // Optional Tonemap pass: sample HDR draw -> LDR intermediate
if (auto *tonemap = _renderPassManager->getPass<TonemapPass>()) if (auto *tonemap = _renderPassManager->getPass<TonemapPass>())
{ {
RGImageHandle hdrInput = (ssrEnabled && hSSR.valid()) ? hSSR : hDraw; finalColor = tonemap->register_graph(_renderGraph.get(), hdrTarget);
finalColor = tonemap->register_graph(_renderGraph.get(), hdrInput);
// Optional FXAA pass: runs on LDR tonemapped output. // Optional FXAA pass: runs on LDR tonemapped output.
if (auto *fxaa = _renderPassManager->getPass<FxaaPass>()) if (auto *fxaa = _renderPassManager->getPass<FxaaPass>())
@@ -1210,7 +1216,7 @@ void VulkanEngine::draw()
else else
{ {
// If tonemapping is disabled, present whichever HDR buffer we ended up with. // If tonemapping is disabled, present whichever HDR buffer we ended up with.
finalColor = (ssrEnabled && hSSR.valid()) ? hSSR : hDraw; finalColor = hdrTarget;
} }
} }

139
src/core/engine_ui.cpp
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@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
#include "render/passes/tonemap.h" #include "render/passes/tonemap.h"
#include "render/passes/fxaa.h" #include "render/passes/fxaa.h"
#include "render/passes/background.h" #include "render/passes/background.h"
#include "render/passes/particles.h"
#include <glm/gtx/euler_angles.hpp> #include <glm/gtx/euler_angles.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp> #include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include "render/graph/graph.h" #include "render/graph/graph.h"
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@
#include "context.h" #include "context.h"
#include <core/types.h> #include <core/types.h>
#include <algorithm> #include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring> #include <cstring>
#include "mesh_bvh.h" #include "mesh_bvh.h"
@@ -258,6 +260,138 @@ namespace
} }
} }
static void ui_particles(VulkanEngine *eng)
{
if (!eng || !eng->_renderPassManager) return;
auto *pass = eng->_renderPassManager->getPass<ParticlePass>();
if (!pass)
{
ImGui::TextUnformatted("Particle pass not available");
return;
}
const uint32_t freeCount = pass->free_particles();
const uint32_t allocCount = pass->allocated_particles();
ImGui::Text("Pool: %u allocated / %u free (max %u)", allocCount, freeCount, ParticlePass::k_max_particles);
ImGui::Separator();
static int newCount = 32768;
newCount = std::max(newCount, 1);
ImGui::InputInt("New System Particles", &newCount);
ImGui::SameLine();
if (ImGui::Button("Create"))
{
const uint32_t want = static_cast<uint32_t>(std::max(1, newCount));
pass->create_system(want);
}
ImGui::SameLine();
if (ImGui::Button("Create 32k"))
{
pass->create_system(32768);
}
ImGui::SameLine();
if (ImGui::Button("Create 128k"))
{
pass->create_system(ParticlePass::k_max_particles);
}
ImGui::Separator();
auto &systems = pass->systems();
if (systems.empty())
{
ImGui::TextUnformatted("No particle systems. Create one above.");
return;
}
static int selected = 0;
selected = std::clamp(selected, 0, (int)systems.size() - 1);
if (ImGui::BeginListBox("Systems"))
{
for (int i = 0; i < (int)systems.size(); ++i)
{
const auto &s = systems[i];
char label[128];
std::snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "#%u base=%u count=%u %s",
s.id, s.base, s.count, s.enabled ? "on" : "off");
const bool isSelected = (selected == i);
if (ImGui::Selectable(label, isSelected))
{
selected = i;
}
if (isSelected) ImGui::SetItemDefaultFocus();
}
ImGui::EndListBox();
}
selected = std::clamp(selected, 0, (int)systems.size() - 1);
auto &s = systems[(size_t)selected];
ImGui::Separator();
ImGui::Text("Selected: id=%u base=%u count=%u", s.id, s.base, s.count);
ImGui::Checkbox("Enabled", &s.enabled);
ImGui::SameLine();
if (ImGui::Button("Reset (Respawn)"))
{
s.reset = true;
}
ImGui::SameLine();
if (ImGui::Button("Destroy"))
{
const uint32_t id = s.id;
pass->destroy_system(id);
selected = 0;
return;
}
const char *blendItems[] = {"Additive", "Alpha (unsorted)"};
int blend = (s.blend == ParticlePass::BlendMode::Alpha) ? 1 : 0;
if (ImGui::Combo("Blend", &blend, blendItems, 2))
{
s.blend = (blend == 1) ? ParticlePass::BlendMode::Alpha : ParticlePass::BlendMode::Additive;
}
ImGui::Separator();
static int pendingResizeCount = 0;
if (!ImGui::IsAnyItemActive())
{
pendingResizeCount = (int)s.count;
}
ImGui::InputInt("Resize Count", &pendingResizeCount);
ImGui::SameLine();
if (ImGui::Button("Apply Resize"))
{
const uint32_t want = static_cast<uint32_t>(std::max(0, pendingResizeCount));
pass->resize_system(s.id, want);
}
ImGui::Separator();
ImGui::TextUnformatted("Emitter");
ImGui::InputFloat3("Position (local)", reinterpret_cast<float *>(&s.params.emitter_pos_local));
ImGui::SliderFloat("Spawn Radius", &s.params.spawn_radius, 0.0f, 10.0f, "%.3f");
ImGui::InputFloat3("Direction (local)", reinterpret_cast<float *>(&s.params.emitter_dir_local));
ImGui::SliderFloat("Cone Angle (deg)", &s.params.cone_angle_degrees, 0.0f, 89.0f, "%.1f");
ImGui::Separator();
ImGui::TextUnformatted("Motion");
ImGui::InputFloat("Min Speed", &s.params.min_speed);
ImGui::InputFloat("Max Speed", &s.params.max_speed);
ImGui::InputFloat("Min Life (s)", &s.params.min_life);
ImGui::InputFloat("Max Life (s)", &s.params.max_life);
ImGui::InputFloat("Min Size", &s.params.min_size);
ImGui::InputFloat("Max Size", &s.params.max_size);
ImGui::SliderFloat("Drag", &s.params.drag, 0.0f, 10.0f, "%.3f");
ImGui::SliderFloat("Gravity (m/s^2)", &s.params.gravity, 0.0f, 30.0f, "%.2f");
ImGui::Separator();
ImGui::TextUnformatted("Color");
ImGui::ColorEdit4("Tint", reinterpret_cast<float *>(&s.params.color), ImGuiColorEditFlags_Float);
}
// IBL test grid spawner (spheres varying metallic/roughness) // IBL test grid spawner (spheres varying metallic/roughness)
static void spawn_ibl_test(VulkanEngine *eng) static void spawn_ibl_test(VulkanEngine *eng)
{ {
@@ -1533,6 +1667,11 @@ void vk_engine_draw_debug_ui(VulkanEngine *eng)
ui_background(eng); ui_background(eng);
ImGui::EndTabItem(); ImGui::EndTabItem();
} }
if (ImGui::BeginTabItem("Particles"))
{
ui_particles(eng);
ImGui::EndTabItem();
}
if (ImGui::BeginTabItem("Shadows")) if (ImGui::BeginTabItem("Shadows"))
{ {
ui_shadows(eng); ui_shadows(eng);

6
src/render/graph/graph.cpp
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@@ -374,11 +374,13 @@ bool RenderGraph::compile()
info.access = VK_ACCESS_2_UNIFORM_READ_BIT; info.access = VK_ACCESS_2_UNIFORM_READ_BIT;
break; break;
case RGBufferUsage::StorageRead: case RGBufferUsage::StorageRead:
info.stage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT; // Storage buffers can be read from compute and any graphics stage (including vertex).
info.stage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_ALL_GRAPHICS_BIT;
info.access = VK_ACCESS_2_SHADER_STORAGE_READ_BIT; info.access = VK_ACCESS_2_SHADER_STORAGE_READ_BIT;
break; break;
case RGBufferUsage::StorageReadWrite: case RGBufferUsage::StorageReadWrite:
info.stage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT; // Storage buffers can be read/write from compute and read in graphics stages.
info.stage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COMPUTE_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_ALL_GRAPHICS_BIT;
info.access = VK_ACCESS_2_SHADER_STORAGE_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_2_SHADER_STORAGE_WRITE_BIT; info.access = VK_ACCESS_2_SHADER_STORAGE_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_2_SHADER_STORAGE_WRITE_BIT;
break; break;
case RGBufferUsage::IndirectArgs: case RGBufferUsage::IndirectArgs:

539
src/render/passes/particles.cpp Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
#include "particles.h"
#include "compute/vk_compute.h"
#include "core/assets/manager.h"
#include "core/context.h"
#include "core/descriptor/descriptors.h"
#include "core/descriptor/manager.h"
#include "core/device/device.h"
#include "core/device/resource.h"
#include "core/device/swapchain.h"
#include "core/frame/resources.h"
#include "core/pipeline/manager.h"
#include "render/graph/graph.h"
#include "render/pipelines.h"
#include "scene/vk_scene.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
namespace
{
struct ParticleGPU
{
glm::vec4 pos_age;
glm::vec4 vel_life;
glm::vec4 color;
glm::vec4 misc;
};
static_assert(sizeof(ParticleGPU) == 64);
constexpr uint32_t k_local_size_x = 256;
struct ParticleUpdatePushConstants
{
glm::uvec4 header; // x=base, y=count, z=reset, w=unused
glm::vec4 sim; // x=dt, y=time, z=drag, w=gravity
glm::vec4 origin_delta; // xyz origin delta local
glm::vec4 emitter_pos_radius; // xyz emitter pos local, w=spawn radius
glm::vec4 emitter_dir_cone; // xyz emitter dir local, w=cone angle (radians)
glm::vec4 ranges; // x=minSpeed, y=maxSpeed, z=minLife, w=maxLife
glm::vec4 size_range; // x=minSize, y=maxSize, z/w unused
glm::vec4 color; // rgba
};
static_assert(sizeof(ParticleUpdatePushConstants) == 128);
static glm::vec3 safe_normalize(const glm::vec3 &v, const glm::vec3 &fallback)
{
const float len2 = glm::dot(v, v);
if (len2 <= 1e-10f || !std::isfinite(len2))
{
return fallback;
}
return v * (1.0f / std::sqrt(len2));
}
static float clamp_nonnegative(float v)
{
if (!std::isfinite(v)) return 0.0f;
return std::max(0.0f, v);
}
}
void ParticlePass::init(EngineContext *context)
{
_context = context;
if (!_context || !_context->getDevice() || !_context->getResources() || !_context->getAssets() ||
!_context->pipelines || !_context->getDescriptorLayouts())
{
return;
}
_free_ranges.clear();
_free_ranges.push_back(FreeRange{0u, k_max_particles});
_particle_pool_size = VkDeviceSize(sizeof(ParticleGPU)) * VkDeviceSize(k_max_particles);
_particle_pool = _context->getResources()->create_buffer(
_particle_pool_size,
VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT,
VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_GPU_ONLY);
// Zero the pool once so all particles start "dead" and get respawned deterministically by the compute update.
if (_particle_pool.buffer != VK_NULL_HANDLE)
{
VkBuffer buf = _particle_pool.buffer;
VkDeviceSize size = _particle_pool_size;
_context->getResources()->immediate_submit([buf, size](VkCommandBuffer cmd) {
vkCmdFillBuffer(cmd, buf, 0, size, 0u);
});
}
VkDevice device = _context->getDevice()->device();
// Set=1 layout for graphics: particle pool SSBO.
{
DescriptorLayoutBuilder builder;
builder.add_binding(0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_BUFFER);
_particle_set_layout = builder.build(device, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT | VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);
}
// Compute update pipeline + instance.
{
ComputePipelineCreateInfo ci{};
ci.shaderPath = _context->getAssets()->shaderPath("particles_update.comp.spv");
ci.descriptorTypes = {VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_BUFFER};
ci.pushConstantSize = sizeof(ParticleUpdatePushConstants);
ci.pushConstantStages = VK_SHADER_STAGE_COMPUTE_BIT;
_context->pipelines->createComputePipeline("particles.update", ci);
_context->pipelines->createComputeInstance("particles.update", "particles.update");
_context->pipelines->setComputeInstanceBuffer("particles.update", 0, _particle_pool.buffer, _particle_pool_size,
VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_BUFFER, 0);
}
// Graphics pipelines for render (additive + optional alpha).
{
const std::string vert = _context->getAssets()->shaderPath("particles.vert.spv");
const std::string frag = _context->getAssets()->shaderPath("particles.frag.spv");
GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo base{};
base.vertexShaderPath = vert;
base.fragmentShaderPath = frag;
base.setLayouts = {
_context->getDescriptorLayouts()->gpuSceneDataLayout(), // set = 0
_particle_set_layout, // set = 1
};
base.configure = [this](PipelineBuilder &b) {
b.set_input_topology(VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST);
b.set_polygon_mode(VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL);
b.set_cull_mode(VK_CULL_MODE_NONE, VK_FRONT_FACE_CLOCKWISE);
b.set_multisampling_none();
b.enable_depthtest(false, VK_COMPARE_OP_GREATER_OR_EQUAL);
if (_context && _context->getSwapchain())
{
b.set_color_attachment_format(_context->getSwapchain()->drawImage().imageFormat);
b.set_depth_format(_context->getSwapchain()->depthImage().imageFormat);
}
};
GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo additive = base;
additive.configure = [baseCfg = base.configure](PipelineBuilder &b) {
baseCfg(b);
b.enable_blending_additive();
};
_context->pipelines->createGraphicsPipeline("particles.additive", additive);
GraphicsPipelineCreateInfo alpha = base;
alpha.configure = [baseCfg = base.configure](PipelineBuilder &b) {
baseCfg(b);
b.enable_blending_alphablend();
};
_context->pipelines->createGraphicsPipeline("particles.alpha", alpha);
}
}
void ParticlePass::cleanup()
{
if (_context && _context->getDevice())
{
if (_particle_set_layout != VK_NULL_HANDLE)
{
vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(_context->getDevice()->device(), _particle_set_layout, nullptr);
_particle_set_layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
}
}
if (_context && _context->getResources())
{
if (_particle_pool.buffer != VK_NULL_HANDLE)
{
_context->getResources()->destroy_buffer(_particle_pool);
_particle_pool = {};
}
}
_systems.clear();
_free_ranges.clear();
_context = nullptr;
}
void ParticlePass::execute(VkCommandBuffer)
{
// Executed via RenderGraph.
}
uint32_t ParticlePass::free_particles() const
{
uint64_t sum = 0;
for (const auto &r : _free_ranges) sum += r.count;
if (sum > k_max_particles) sum = k_max_particles;
return static_cast<uint32_t>(sum);
}
uint32_t ParticlePass::allocated_particles() const
{
return k_max_particles - free_particles();
}
ParticlePass::System *ParticlePass::find_system(uint32_t id)
{
for (auto &s : _systems)
{
if (s.id == id) return &s;
}
return nullptr;
}
bool ParticlePass::allocate_range(uint32_t count, uint32_t &out_base)
{
if (count == 0) return false;
for (auto it = _free_ranges.begin(); it != _free_ranges.end(); ++it)
{
if (it->count < count) continue;
out_base = it->base;
it->base += count;
it->count -= count;
if (it->count == 0) _free_ranges.erase(it);
return true;
}
return false;
}
void ParticlePass::merge_free_ranges()
{
if (_free_ranges.size() < 2) return;
std::sort(_free_ranges.begin(), _free_ranges.end(), [](const FreeRange &a, const FreeRange &b) {
return a.base < b.base;
});
std::vector<FreeRange> merged;
merged.reserve(_free_ranges.size());
FreeRange cur = _free_ranges.front();
for (size_t i = 1; i < _free_ranges.size(); ++i)
{
const FreeRange &n = _free_ranges[i];
const uint32_t cur_end = cur.base + cur.count;
if (n.base <= cur_end)
{
const uint32_t n_end = n.base + n.count;
cur.count = std::max(cur_end, n_end) - cur.base;
}
else
{
merged.push_back(cur);
cur = n;
}
}
merged.push_back(cur);
_free_ranges = std::move(merged);
}
void ParticlePass::free_range(uint32_t base, uint32_t count)
{
if (count == 0) return;
_free_ranges.push_back(FreeRange{base, count});
merge_free_ranges();
}
uint32_t ParticlePass::create_system(uint32_t count)
{
if (count == 0) return 0;
count = std::min(count, free_particles());
uint32_t base = 0;
if (!allocate_range(count, base)) return 0;
System s{};
s.id = _next_system_id++;
s.base = base;
s.count = count;
s.enabled = true;
s.reset = true;
s.blend = BlendMode::Additive;
s.params = Params{};
_systems.push_back(s);
return s.id;
}
bool ParticlePass::destroy_system(uint32_t id)
{
for (size_t i = 0; i < _systems.size(); ++i)
{
if (_systems[i].id != id) continue;
free_range(_systems[i].base, _systems[i].count);
_systems.erase(_systems.begin() + static_cast<std::ptrdiff_t>(i));
return true;
}
return false;
}
bool ParticlePass::resize_system(uint32_t id, uint32_t new_count)
{
System *s = find_system(id);
if (!s) return false;
if (new_count == s->count) return true;
if (new_count == 0) return destroy_system(id);
const uint32_t old_base = s->base;
const uint32_t old_count = s->count;
// Shrink in place: keep base and return the tail to the freelist.
if (new_count < old_count)
{
const uint32_t tail_base = old_base + new_count;
const uint32_t tail_count = old_count - new_count;
s->count = new_count;
free_range(tail_base, tail_count);
return true;
}
// Try to grow in place if the next range is free.
const uint32_t extra = new_count - old_count;
const uint32_t want_base = old_base + old_count;
for (auto it = _free_ranges.begin(); it != _free_ranges.end(); ++it)
{
if (it->base != want_base) continue;
if (it->count < extra) break;
it->base += extra;
it->count -= extra;
if (it->count == 0) _free_ranges.erase(it);
s->count = new_count;
s->reset = true;
return true;
}
// Fallback: allocate a new range and recycle the old one.
uint32_t base = 0;
if (!allocate_range(new_count, base)) return false;
s->base = base;
s->count = new_count;
s->reset = true;
free_range(old_base, old_count);
return true;
}
void ParticlePass::register_graph(RenderGraph *graph, RGImageHandle hdrTarget, RGImageHandle depthHandle)
{
if (!graph || !_context || !_context->pipelines || _particle_pool.buffer == VK_NULL_HANDLE ||
!hdrTarget.valid() || !depthHandle.valid())
{
return;
}
// Per-frame dt/time and floating-origin delta
_dt_sec = 0.0f;
if (_context->scene)
{
_dt_sec = _context->scene->getDeltaTime();
}
if (!std::isfinite(_dt_sec)) _dt_sec = 0.0f;
_dt_sec = std::clamp(_dt_sec, 0.0f, 0.1f);
_time_sec += _dt_sec;
_origin_delta_local = glm::vec3(0.0f);
if (_context->scene)
{
WorldVec3 origin_world = _context->scene->get_world_origin();
if (_has_prev_origin)
{
const WorldVec3 delta_world = origin_world - _prev_origin_world;
_origin_delta_local = glm::vec3(delta_world);
}
_prev_origin_world = origin_world;
_has_prev_origin = true;
}
bool any_active = false;
for (const auto &s : _systems)
{
if (s.enabled && s.count > 0)
{
any_active = true;
break;
}
}
if (!any_active) return;
VkBuffer pool = _particle_pool.buffer;
VkDeviceSize poolSize = _particle_pool_size;
graph->add_pass(
"Particles.Update",
RGPassType::Compute,
[pool, poolSize](RGPassBuilder &builder, EngineContext *) {
builder.write_buffer(pool, RGBufferUsage::StorageReadWrite, poolSize, "particles.pool");
},
[this](VkCommandBuffer cmd, const RGPassResources &, EngineContext *ctx) {
EngineContext *ctxLocal = ctx ? ctx : _context;
if (!ctxLocal || !ctxLocal->pipelines) return;
for (auto &sys : _systems)
{
if (!sys.enabled || sys.count == 0) continue;
ParticleUpdatePushConstants pc{};
pc.header = glm::uvec4(sys.base, sys.count, sys.reset ? 1u : 0u, 0u);
float minSpeed = sys.params.min_speed;
float maxSpeed = sys.params.max_speed;
if (!std::isfinite(minSpeed)) minSpeed = 0.0f;
if (!std::isfinite(maxSpeed)) maxSpeed = 0.0f;
if (maxSpeed < minSpeed) std::swap(minSpeed, maxSpeed);
float minLife = sys.params.min_life;
float maxLife = sys.params.max_life;
if (!std::isfinite(minLife)) minLife = 0.1f;
if (!std::isfinite(maxLife)) maxLife = 0.1f;
if (maxLife < minLife) std::swap(minLife, maxLife);
float minSize = sys.params.min_size;
float maxSize = sys.params.max_size;
if (!std::isfinite(minSize)) minSize = 0.01f;
if (!std::isfinite(maxSize)) maxSize = 0.01f;
if (maxSize < minSize) std::swap(minSize, maxSize);
const float radius = clamp_nonnegative(sys.params.spawn_radius);
const float drag = clamp_nonnegative(sys.params.drag);
const float gravity = sys.params.gravity;
pc.sim = glm::vec4(_dt_sec, _time_sec, drag, gravity);
pc.origin_delta = glm::vec4(_origin_delta_local, 0.0f);
pc.emitter_pos_radius = glm::vec4(sys.params.emitter_pos_local, radius);
glm::vec3 dir = safe_normalize(sys.params.emitter_dir_local, glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
const float coneRad = glm::radians(sys.params.cone_angle_degrees);
pc.emitter_dir_cone = glm::vec4(dir, coneRad);
pc.ranges = glm::vec4(minSpeed, maxSpeed, minLife, maxLife);
pc.size_range = glm::vec4(minSize, maxSize, 0.0f, 0.0f);
pc.color = sys.params.color;
ComputeDispatchInfo di{};
di.groupCountX = ComputeManager::calculateGroupCount(sys.count, k_local_size_x);
di.groupCountY = 1;
di.groupCountZ = 1;
di.pushConstants = &pc;
di.pushConstantSize = sizeof(pc);
ctxLocal->pipelines->dispatchComputeInstance(cmd, "particles.update", di);
sys.reset = false;
}
});
graph->add_pass(
"Particles.Render",
RGPassType::Graphics,
[pool, poolSize, hdrTarget, depthHandle](RGPassBuilder &builder, EngineContext *) {
builder.read_buffer(pool, RGBufferUsage::StorageRead, poolSize, "particles.pool");
builder.write_color(hdrTarget);
builder.write_depth(depthHandle, false /*load existing depth*/);
},
[this](VkCommandBuffer cmd, const RGPassResources &, EngineContext *ctx) {
EngineContext *ctxLocal = ctx ? ctx : _context;
if (!ctxLocal || !ctxLocal->currentFrame) return;
ResourceManager *rm = ctxLocal->getResources();
DeviceManager *dev = ctxLocal->getDevice();
DescriptorManager *layouts = ctxLocal->getDescriptorLayouts();
PipelineManager *pipes = ctxLocal->pipelines;
if (!rm || !dev || !layouts || !pipes || _particle_set_layout == VK_NULL_HANDLE) return;
// Per-frame SceneData UBO (set=0 binding=0)
AllocatedBuffer sceneBuf = rm->create_buffer(sizeof(GPUSceneData),
VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT,
VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_CPU_TO_GPU);
ctxLocal->currentFrame->_deletionQueue.push_function([rm, sceneBuf]() { rm->destroy_buffer(sceneBuf); });
VmaAllocationInfo ai{};
vmaGetAllocationInfo(dev->allocator(), sceneBuf.allocation, &ai);
*reinterpret_cast<GPUSceneData *>(ai.pMappedData) = ctxLocal->getSceneData();
vmaFlushAllocation(dev->allocator(), sceneBuf.allocation, 0, sizeof(GPUSceneData));
VkDescriptorSet globalSet = ctxLocal->currentFrame->_frameDescriptors.allocate(
dev->device(), layouts->gpuSceneDataLayout());
{
DescriptorWriter w;
w.write_buffer(0, sceneBuf.buffer, sizeof(GPUSceneData), 0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER);
w.update_set(dev->device(), globalSet);
}
// Particle pool descriptor (set=1 binding=0)
VkDescriptorSet particleSet = ctxLocal->currentFrame->_frameDescriptors.allocate(
dev->device(), _particle_set_layout);
{
DescriptorWriter w;
w.write_buffer(0, _particle_pool.buffer, _particle_pool_size, 0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_BUFFER);
w.update_set(dev->device(), particleSet);
}
VkExtent2D extent = ctxLocal->getDrawExtent();
VkViewport vp{0.0f, 0.0f, float(extent.width), float(extent.height), 0.0f, 1.0f};
VkRect2D sc{{0, 0}, extent};
vkCmdSetViewport(cmd, 0, 1, &vp);
vkCmdSetScissor(cmd, 0, 1, &sc);
VkPipelineLayout layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
VkPipeline pipeline = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
BlendMode boundBlend = BlendMode::Additive;
bool hasBound = false;
auto bind_pipeline = [&](BlendMode blend) {
const char *name = (blend == BlendMode::Alpha) ? "particles.alpha" : "particles.additive";
if (!pipes->getGraphics(name, pipeline, layout)) return false;
vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, 1, &globalSet, 0, nullptr);
vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 1, 1, &particleSet, 0, nullptr);
boundBlend = blend;
hasBound = true;
return true;
};
for (const auto &sys : _systems)
{
if (!sys.enabled || sys.count == 0) continue;
if (!hasBound || sys.blend != boundBlend)
{
if (!bind_pipeline(sys.blend)) continue;
}
// Instanced quad draw. gl_InstanceIndex includes firstInstance, so it becomes the particle index.
vkCmdDraw(cmd, 6, sys.count, 0, sys.base);
if (ctxLocal->stats)
{
ctxLocal->stats->drawcall_count += 1;
ctxLocal->stats->triangle_count += static_cast<int>(sys.count) * 2;
}
}
});
}

105
src/render/passes/particles.h Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
#pragma once
#include "core/world.h"
#include "render/graph/types.h"
#include "render/renderpass.h"
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <vector>
class RenderGraph;
class ParticlePass : public IRenderPass
{
public:
static constexpr uint32_t k_max_particles = 128u * 1024u;
enum class BlendMode : uint32_t
{
Additive = 0,
Alpha = 1,
};
struct Params
{
glm::vec3 emitter_pos_local{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
float spawn_radius{0.1f};
glm::vec3 emitter_dir_local{0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f};
float cone_angle_degrees{20.0f};
float min_speed{2.0f};
float max_speed{8.0f};
float min_life{0.5f};
float max_life{1.5f};
float min_size{0.05f};
float max_size{0.15f};
float drag{1.0f};
float gravity{0.0f}; // positive pulls down -Y in local space
glm::vec4 color{1.0f, 0.5f, 0.1f, 1.0f};
};
struct System
{
uint32_t id{0};
uint32_t base{0};
uint32_t count{0};
bool enabled{true};
bool reset{true};
BlendMode blend{BlendMode::Additive};
Params params{};
};
void init(EngineContext *context) override;
void cleanup() override;
void execute(VkCommandBuffer cmd) override;
const char *getName() const override { return "Particles"; }
void register_graph(RenderGraph *graph, RGImageHandle hdrTarget, RGImageHandle depthHandle);
uint32_t create_system(uint32_t count);
bool destroy_system(uint32_t id);
bool resize_system(uint32_t id, uint32_t new_count);
std::vector<System> &systems() { return _systems; }
const std::vector<System> &systems() const { return _systems; }
uint32_t allocated_particles() const;
uint32_t free_particles() const;
private:
struct FreeRange
{
uint32_t base{0};
uint32_t count{0};
};
bool allocate_range(uint32_t count, uint32_t &out_base);
void free_range(uint32_t base, uint32_t count);
void merge_free_ranges();
System *find_system(uint32_t id);
EngineContext *_context = nullptr;
AllocatedBuffer _particle_pool{};
VkDeviceSize _particle_pool_size = 0;
VkDescriptorSetLayout _particle_set_layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
uint32_t _next_system_id = 1;
std::vector<System> _systems;
std::vector<FreeRange> _free_ranges;
float _time_sec = 0.0f;
float _dt_sec = 0.0f;
glm::vec3 _origin_delta_local{0.0f};
WorldVec3 _prev_origin_world{0.0, 0.0, 0.0};
bool _has_prev_origin = false;
};

6
src/render/renderpass.cpp
View File

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
#include "passes/imgui_pass.h" #include "passes/imgui_pass.h"
#include "passes/lighting.h" #include "passes/lighting.h"
#include "passes/ssr.h" #include "passes/ssr.h"
#include "passes/particles.h"
#include "passes/fxaa.h" #include "passes/fxaa.h"
#include "passes/transparent.h" #include "passes/transparent.h"
#include "passes/tonemap.h" #include "passes/tonemap.h"
@@ -36,6 +37,11 @@ void RenderPassManager::init(EngineContext *context)
ssrPass->init(context); ssrPass->init(context);
addPass(std::move(ssrPass)); addPass(std::move(ssrPass));
// GPU particle system (compute update + render)
auto particlePass = std::make_unique<ParticlePass>();
particlePass->init(context);
addPass(std::move(particlePass));
// Post-process AA (FXAA-like) after tonemapping. // Post-process AA (FXAA-like) after tonemapping.
auto fxaaPass = std::make_unique<FxaaPass>(); auto fxaaPass = std::make_unique<FxaaPass>();
fxaaPass->init(context); fxaaPass->init(context);